Q: Explain the structure of an atom according to the Bohr model.
A:

• Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed energy levels (shells)
• Nucleus contains protons and neutrons
• Energy is absorbed/emitted when electrons jump between shells

Q: What is History? Explain its importance.
A: History is the study of past events, especially human activities, using evidence like documents, oral tradition, and artifacts.
Importance:

• Understand causes and effects of events
• Provides lessons for present and future
• Preserves cultural heritage
• Builds informed citizens

Q: Explain the meaning of Economics and its relevance to society.
A: Economics is the study of how individuals and societies allocate scarce resources to satisfy unlimited wants.

• Microeconomics: behavior of individuals/firms
• Macroeconomics: examines the economy as a whole (inflation, national income)
  Relevance: Helps understand market behavior, policy formulation, efficient production, and sustainable development.

Q: State and explain Newton’s Second Law of Motion.
A: The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration: (F = ma)
Explanation:

• Acceleration occurs when a net force acts on a mass
• Units: Force (N), Mass (kg), Acceleration (m/s²)

Q: Define Geography and explain its main branches.
A: Geography is the scientific study of the Earth, its physical features, human activities, and the interactions between humans and the environment.
Branches:

1. Physical Geography – studies natural features such as landforms, climate, vegetation, and rivers.
2. Human Geography – studies human activities, population, settlements, culture, and economic activities.

Importance: Helps in planning, environmental management, and understanding human-environment relationships.